The human eye distinguishes color and a huge amount of nuances, thanks to special receptors that are about seven million. It is curious that the perception of eye device contains only three types of pigments sensitive to three colors – red, green and blue. What we see is a result of their incorporation. However, there are people, where some of the pigments is absent or in insufficient quantities. From birth, they see the world around her in the other colors. These are color-blind. People with impaired color vision deficiency is often not noticed, because we are used to designate the colors of objects using conventional adjectives. The grass is green, sky – blue, blood-red. But these adjectives adopt color-blind in its own way. English scientist John Dalton, who first described the color blindness does not differ red color. He found out about his shortcomings only when he was 26 years. The Color-blindness is a hereditary defect of visual transmission which is connected with the X-chromosomes. So the mothers are often caused a victim – his sons. Suffer from this pathology, about 8% of men and 0,5 per cent of women. Many people think that color-blind do not see colors. In fact, only 0.1% of them see the world as black and white film. In most cases there is reduced color vision: PROTANOMALIYA (reduced perception of red color) or DEYTERANOMALIYA (low uptake of green). Full color blindness, one of two colors occurs very rarely. In such cases, the first mistake the color red with black, dark gray, brown, sometimes with green. In the second, the green color is mixed with light-pattern, pale red.

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